1. An overview of the detergent Table 3-1 Experimental drugs 3.2 cashmere domestic raw wool containing hair, each sample is 5g; (the original whiteness of the cashmere is 35.47%, the fat content is 6.38%) Table 3-3 Primary Formula pH and Solids According to the structural characteristics of the cashmere fiber, the pH value of the detergent should be about 7-8, the solid content is about 27%, and the stability is better. The formula can be optimized according to the requirements of the detergent. Table 3-5 Washing process 3.7 Determination of washing effect Gf(g)=G-G0 In the formula: G—dry weight of receiver bottle with grease, unit g; In the formula: Gf (g) - dry weight of the fat in the plush fiber sample, g; 1G - plush test results are calculated to the third decimal place, revised to two decimal places. Table 4-1 Determination of Primary Components From Table 4-1, it can be found that in the same amount of lotion and washing process, the anionic and non-ionic two-component complex whiteness is far from the effect of the ternary compound product, and the residual fat rate is also insufficient. So consider using a ternary compounding method. The difference in the whiteness of the three groups of ternary complexes is not large, but the difference in the residual fat rate is great. In addition to the three components, the O component with good wetting, penetrability, and good emulsifying and dispersing properties was added. The ARP formula also added component B, but from table 4-1 it was found that the degreasing power after adding B is not large. Improvements may be due to two reasons. First, several surfactants change some properties of B when they are blended. Second, the addition of B changes the amount of other components, and the builders and penetration aids added to the formulation. The agent may have a negative effect on the cleansing power of component B. Table 4-2 Effect of H Content on Whiteness and Residual Fat Rate From Table 4-2, it is known that the whiteness of the net wash is not increased with the increase in the amount of H. Considering the texture, the whiteness and the percentage of the residual grease should be 6%. 4.3 Determination of O Content of Component O component O is a non-ionic surfactant commonly used in detergents. It has a good cleansing power, and its wetting property, permeability, emulsifying and dispersing properties, and detergency are excellent. However, taking into account environmental issues, choose its concentration of 10%. Table 4-3 Effect of Component O on Whiteness and Residual Fat Rate 4.4 Determination of the amount of component D. Component D is an amphoteric surfactant, which has excellent water solubility in a wide range of acid and alkali, and can be well decontaminated in various electrolytes and calcium, magnesium ions in water. Sexual and foaming, it has a strong killing effect on some bacteria and has a good softening effect on fibers. Table 4-4 Effect of Component D on Whiteness and Residual Fat Rate From Table 4-4, it can be seen that the whiteness and feel of the washed fleece improve as the amount of component D increases. Component D has good whiteness and good ability to remove grease. In recent years, it has been widely used in the preparation of cashmere detergent. Table 4-5 Effect of penetrant dosage on whiteness and residual fat percentage Table 4-6 Determination of the best process It was determined that thiourea was used as the final bleaching component. Table 4-7 Effect of lotion amount on quality of washed velvet 4.7.2 Determination of washing temperature The detergent dosage is determined to be 7g/L, other process parameters are fixed, and the temperature of the second bath is changed. The experimental results are shown in Table 4-8. Table 4-8 Effect of Washing Temperature on Washing Quality The washing temperature was determined to be 55°C. Table 4-9 Effect of washing time on the quality of washed velvet From the above table, it can be concluded that a good washing effect can be obtained with a washing time of 5 minutes, and that prolonging the time will not improve the effect of washing. Non Woven Fabric Isolation Gown Non Woven Fabric Isolation Gown,Custom Disposable Gowns,Washable Isolation Gowns,Nitrile Mechanics Gloves Jiangsu Yijin Import and Export Trade Co., Ltd , http://www.dailysafecare.com
1.1 Composition of Synthetic Detergents Synthetic detergents are generally based on detergent actives, which act as wetting, solubilizing, emulsifying, dispersing and reducing surface tension in detergents.
1.2 Structure of Surfactant The surfactant molecule consists of two parts, a polar hydrophilic group and a non-polar lipophilic group. The lipophilic groups in the molecule are generally hydrocarbon groups, while the hydrophilic groups are more species.
1.3 Basic Principles of Washing The basic principle of washing is to use detergents to reduce the surface tension of water, and then the detergent molecules penetrate into the gaps of the grease dirt layer, weaken the binding force of the grease dirt layer and the fibers, and destroy the grease dirt layer. And split into many colloidal sized particles, and after mechanical action, the grease is stripped from the fiber.
2. Surfactant compounding principle
2.1 Anionic Surfactants Anionic surfactants have good wetting and penetrating properties and detergency, superior overall performance, and can be combined with non-ionic surfactants to produce synthetic detergents. The disadvantage is the prevention of poor re-deposition of dirt.
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2.2 Non-ionic surfactants The hydrophilic groups of non-ionic surfactants are mainly composed of a number of oxygen-containing groups. It has high stability, is not easily affected by the presence of strong electrolyte inorganic salts, is not easily affected by acid and alkali, has good compatibility with other types of surfactants, and can be well mixed and used in both water and organic solvents. Has good solubility properties.
2.3 Zwitterionic Surfactants Amphoteric surfactants are those that are both negatively charged and cationically charged in the same molecule. It has good decontamination, foaming, emulsifying ability, hard water resistance, is more stable to acids and alkalis and various metal ions, and also has antistatic, bactericidal, anti-corrosive and other properties, especially his extremely low toxicity and Non-irritating skin and eyes, and good biodegradability. It has a good synergistic effect when formulated with other types of surfactants.
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2.4 The compounding effect of surfactants The surfactants are used less often, and more than two are suitably used in combination to achieve the composite effect. It is also possible to use a mixture of various surfactants. In addition, in order to improve the performance and expand the range of use, a surfactant other than a surfactant may be added.
The combined effect of surfactants means that the sum of the individual properties of several surfactants is less than that of the surfactant after mixing. In addition, each surfactant has its own properties, and another property appears after mixing, which can also be considered as a composite effect. Furthermore, the performance of the surfactant after mixing is only a single performance and appearance, complement each other's lack of performance to meet different performance requirements, but also a composite effect.
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2.5 Properties of Cashmere Cleansing Lotion Cashmere lotion should meet the following conditions:
1 The lotion should be suitable for neutral or slightly acidic nap, the velveteen fiber isoelectric point is 4.5 to 5, in this range the fiber has the greatest stability, can reduce the fiber damage to a minimum degree;
2 lotion must have strong wetting, emulsification, dispersion, decontamination and carrying capacity and good sustainability;
3 The lotion removes oil moderately, and on the premise of not affecting the whiteness, a small amount of organic matter is adsorbed on the cashmere to increase the cashmere feel;
4 The stability of the hard water is good, so that the washed velvet has a good whiteness, luster and elasticity;
5 biodegradable, easy to biochemical treatment. When selecting a reagent, understand its performance.
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3 experimental part
3.1 Experimental Drugs and Instruments 
Table 3-2 Experimental Instruments 
3.3 Sampling of Cashmere First comb the raw cashmere, from the root to the tip, to remove the large amount of dirt and large impurities contained in the raw cashmere, such as long grass and large pieces of sheep manure, and then uniform the original cashmere. Mix several times in the ground and try to make the same sample for each experiment to reduce the sampling error.
3.4 Preparation process of detergent The 250ml beaker was added with the formula water, and the required H was added under slow stirring and the system pH was adjusted with sodium hydroxide to make it between 6-7. The formula amount was added every 20min in sequence. O, A, B, D, etc., are slowly stirred until uniform. The product is a transparent, stable liquid after 24 hours of standing.
3.5 Analysis of traits of primary components 
Table 3-4 Preliminary Formula Characters 
3.6 Washing process Weigh 5g of original cash back. The required amount of water was added to a 500 ml beaker and the required amount of water was added at a bath ratio of 1:50, and the raw cashmere was washed as shown in the table below. 
3.7.1 Whiteness Refer to the instruction manual of the instrument and measure the whiteness of the sample using the domestic DSBD-1 digital whiteness meter. Determine the whiteness value of each sample at different locations for 6 times. Finally, take the average as the final value. The whiteness index indicates that the higher the whiteness value, the better its whiteness.
3.7.2 Test of Residual Fat Rate
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According to the test method of FJ4-8-81 "Test methods for grading, washing hair and tops of the national hair" on the fat content of the pile fiber, the soak extractor is used to extract the residual fat in the washed hair, and the solvent is selected from anhydrous ethanol. . Calculate the dry weight Gf(g) of the fluffy fiber sample:
G0—The dry weight of the receiving bottle, in g.
Calculate the oil content in the plush fiber sample Gf: 
3.7.3 Evaluation of hand feeling Experimental design: Wash 5 g of raw cashmere under the washing process conditions of 3.3. After washing and drying, group the samples of different formulations and wash them by ten appraisers. For the comparative evaluation, the sensory visual evaluation of the best sample for each group of samples, including the degree of fluffiness, suppleness, and the results of the evaluation, was the highest in the formula.
4 Results and Discussion
4.1 Preliminary Determination of Net Lotion Components The selected groups may be used as a component for cashmere cleansing, and the initial set of formulas and net wash cashmere are the most commonly used effect indicators. 
There are three kinds of non-ionic surfactants in the AOT formula: O, A, and B. From the analysis of the formulation of the third group, the performance of B after compounding may be changed, and the main effect of component A is emulsification, so the improvement of whiteness is not Too much effect. Comprehensive whiteness and residual fat rate considering the preliminary selection of No. 2 formula for further optimization.
4.2 Determination of the amount of H component
H is a tan viscous liquid that is acidic and has properties such as decontamination, wetting, foaming, emulsification, and dispersion. Soluble in water, insoluble in common organic solvents. Has a strong water absorption, a sticky opaque liquid after absorption, and its degree of biodegradation is >90%. 
4.5 The role of penetrants in detergents The addition of penetrating auxiliaries can increase the wash power of certain surfactants, such as O and D in this recipe. It can be seen from the table that the penetration aid can achieve a better cleansing effect at 4%. 
4.6 Determination of bleaching components After determining the amount of actives in the formulation, different bleaching components are added to finalize the process and compared with commercially available cashmere detergent to establish the best process. 
4.7 Determination of Washing Process
4.7.1 Determination of the amount of detergent to be fixed Other process parameters are fixed: The concentration of the third bath lotion is 2g/L, and the washing temperature, washing time, and bath are shown in Table 3-3, and only the second tank is changed. Liquid concentration. The experimental results are shown in Table 4-7. Make sure the final dosage is 7g/L. 
4.7.3 Selection of washing time Fixed other process parameters to change the washing time. The experimental results are shown in Table 4-9. 
4.7.4 Summary of Washing Process From the above tests, it can be concluded that the amount of detergent is 7g/L, the washing temperature is 55°C, and the washing effect is good when the washing time is 5 minutes.
5 Conclusions (1) As cashmere is more sensitive and sensitive than wool, it is necessary to pay attention to the choice of detergent components and washing temperature in order to avoid damaging the fiber. This experiment added softness and good care to the cleansing agent component. Amphoteric surfactants improve hand feel after washing.
(2) This product is an anionic / non-ionic / zwitterionic triad complex liquid detergent, compared with other similar products, the quality of washed cashmere has been significantly improved, the whiteness of up to 60.39%, residual value rate 1.63%, Felt shrinks, feels good.
Application of New Cashmere Cleanser
Summary: