May 20, 2024

Basic knowledge of knitted fabrics

Knitwear concept: (reproduced)
The knitted fabric is composed of coils, and each coil is divided into three parts as shown below:
Coil organization:

1-circle arc, 2-needle arc, 3-sinking arc.
The distance between the laterally corresponding points of two adjacent coils of a knitted species is called the "circle". A
------------ The distance between the vertical corresponding points is called "circle height". B
The circle is covered on the front side of the loop as the front side of the knitted fabric, and vice versa.
The picture above is the front view.
The needle loop is not a flat structure in the knitted fabric, but a curved curve in three dimensions, which can be deformed regardless of the force in any direction.
The structure of knitted fabrics can be divided into:
Original organization, change organization, flower organization.
The original organization is the basis of all knitted fabric organizations;
The changing organization is a composite of the original organization;
The flower color tissue is a derivative structure of the above tissue, which has a remarkable flower color effect.
I. Weft Organization The weft-flat structure is the simplest weft-knitted structure and consists of a continuous unit coil string. The front ring column is exposed as a plexiform stripe, flat and light, and the back ring arc is exposed to a darker surface.
The lateral extension of the weft tissue is greater than twice the plexus. When the plexus is the same density, the plexus is stronger than the lateral direction.
The weft and flat structure is easy to disperse and easy to curl, and is used for jersey, socks and gloves.

Second, the rib structure rib structure is formed by the longitudinal coils of the front and the reverse stitches, which are arranged at a certain ratio. Both the front and the back show the frontal structure of the weft-level structure, so it is also called: "double-sided structure" (double frontal tissue) compared with the weft flat structure, this kind of tissue is not easy to be curled and detached, and the lateral elasticity is very good, the density is better. Big, more obvious. Mostly used for cuffs and socks.

(C) Double rib structure Double rib structure is the most common double-sided weft-knitted tissue. It is composed of two rib structures, that is, another wales are arranged between one rib row. The double rib structure is not easy to disperse, and the texture is thick, and it is mostly used in winter underwear or outerwear.

(4) Double-backed tissue It is formed by alternating arrangement of front coil rows and reverse coil modules in different proportions. Both the front and the back are reflected in the opposite side of the weft organization. The double reverse tissue is placed close to the longitudinal tilting ring. Its longitudinal extension is strong and can be approximated by the lateral direction. When the number of courses is equal, the double-backed tissue is not easy to be curled, but is easily detached.

The flattened tissue is formed by winding a yarn fed in a warp direction in two adjacent longitudinal rows. The vertical and horizontal directions of this kind of tissue have a certain degree of extension and are not curled. However, if the yarn is broken when a transverse tension is applied to the fabric, it is dissipated in the longitudinal direction to break the fabric. The flat material can be used as a shirt material.

Warp organization

It is made up of a yarn. The coils are sequentially formed in several adjacent wales, which are sequentially repeated, so that the front side exhibits a transverse pattern of the tissue. This kind of organization is easy to curl. It can also be detached in the direction of the reverse weaving But the fabric won't break open.

Warp knitted fabrics are mainly made of polyester, nylon, polypropylene and other synthetic filaments. They are also woven from cotton, wool, silk, hemp, chemical fiber and blended yarn. Ordinary warp knit fabrics are often woven by braided structure, warp-knitted structure, satin-structured, or slanted tissue. There are many types of fancy warp knit fabrics, such as mesh fabric, terry fabric, pleated fabric, plush fabric, weft-inserted fabric, and the like. The warp knitted fabric has the advantages of good longitudinal dimensional stability, stiff fabric, low dispersibility, no curling, good air permeability and the like. Lateral extension, elasticity and softness are not as good as weft knitted fabrics.

1. Polyester warp-knitted fabric: Polyester warp-knitted fabric is woven with low-elastic polyester yarn of the same denier or interlaced with low-elastic yarn of different deniers. The commonly used tissue is a velvety tissue combined with a flat tissue and a velvet tissue. The fabric is then dyed to a plain fabric. The colors are plain, hidden, plain, plain, bright, plain, and bright. The fabric has a flat surface and a bright color, and is thick, medium thick and thin. The thin type is mainly used as a shirt and skirt fabric; the medium-thick and thick type can be used as a fabric for men's and women's coats, windbreakers, tops, suits, trousers, and the like.
2. Warp-knitted fabrics: warp-knitted fabrics are often made of synthetic fibers such as ruthenium or viscose, and the woven fabrics are woven with the warp-knitted structure. After the fabric is processed by the brushing process, the appearance looks like woolen cloth, the suede is full, the cloth body is tight and thick, the hand feels soft and the fabric drape is good, the fabric is easy to wash, quick-drying and hot-free, but in the use of static electricity, it is easy to absorb dust. Mainly used as winter men's and women's coats, windbreakers, tops, trousers and other fabrics.
3. Warp-knitted mesh fabric: warp-knitted mesh fabric is made of synthetic fiber, recycled fiber and natural fiber. It is woven by changing flat structure, etc., forming square, round, diamond, hexagonal and columnar on the surface of the fabric. Corrugated holes. The hole size, distribution density, and distribution state can be determined as needed. The fabric is bleached and dyed. The texture of the mesh fabric is light, elastic and breathable, and the hand feels smooth and supple. Mainly used for summer men's and women's shirt fabrics.
4. Warp-knitted velvet fabric: warp-knitted fabric is made of recycled fiber or synthetic fiber and natural fiber as base fabric yarn, made of acrylic yarn, etc., and raschel is woven into base fabric and plush yarn. The double-layer fabric is then cut into two pieces of single-layer velvet after being cut by the cutting machine. According to the suede condition, it can be divided into velveteen, corduroy, woven velvet, etc., and various suede can be cross-disposed on the fabric at the same time to form a variety of colors. This kind of fabric has a thick surface and a thick, soft, elastic and warmth. Mainly used as winter clothing, children's clothing fabrics.
5. Warp knitted terry fabric: warp knitted terry fabric is made of synthetic fiber as ground yarn, cotton yarn or cotton, synthetic fiber blended yarn as weft-inserted yarn, natural fiber, recycled fiber, synthetic fiber as terry yarn, using wool One-sided or double-faced terry fabric woven from loop tissue. The fabric has a full and thick hand, and the cloth body is firm and thick, and has good elasticity, moisture absorption, warmth retention, stable terry structure and good taking performance. Mainly used as sportswear, lapel T-shirts, sleepwear, children's wear and other fabrics.
6. Warp-knitted jacquard: Warp-knitted jacquard fabrics are usually woven from natural fabrics and synthetic fibers on a warp knitting machine. After dyeing and finishing, the fabric has a clear pattern, a three-dimensional effect, a firm feel, a variety of patterns, and good drape. Mainly used as a women's outerwear, underwear fabrics and skirts, etc.

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