March 29, 2024

From the national currency "ship ocean" to "golden jade"

In 1920, China's first national mint, the Shanghai Mint (now Shanghai Mint Co., Ltd., referred to as the Shangyu), was launched and opened a new chapter in China's modern and modern coinage industry. In the 1930s, the coin-cutting of the national currency “ship ocean” and the factory line promoted the monetary system reform of China’s “waste two yuan and unified currency system”. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the Shangyuan has successively minted four sets of RMB-denominated coins, which have been dedicated to ensuring the normal operation of the national economy and maintaining the stable development of the country's finance. Since the reform and opening up, the Shangyuan has successfully developed the Panda Gold Coin, one of the world's five largest investment gold coins, and laid the foundation for the Chinese precious metal commemorative coin business. Subsequently, the Shangyuan has built the only steel core nickel-plated billet production base in China, the world's largest, opening up a new era of RMB coin materials. In the Olympics, World Expo and other events, the Shangyuan uses a beautiful gold and silver medal and a national currency Huazhang, which sets the history and blooms between the squares, and bears the trust of the motherland to attract the attention of the world.

熊猫金银币

The ancient Chinese coinage process mainly uses the Fan casting method. In the Song Dynasty, the sand casting method replaced the Fan casting process. In the late 19th century, some parts of China began to use machines to make coins. With the development of commodity economy and the advancement of technology, “abolishing the two yuan” (abolishing silver and switching to silver) is not only a historical choice for currency evolution, but also the only way for China to enter the era of credit currency. The maturity of the machine coinage process is a change in productivity in the currency field, which greatly enhances the production efficiency of metal money, the quality of materials, the standardization of specification patterns, and the anti-counterfeiting function. In the short period of 30 years since the introduction of the machine coinage process (1889-1919), dozens of mints, machine bureaus, silver dollar bureaus and copper bureaus have been established throughout the country. The trend of replacing the traditional silver two and copper coins with silver coins and copper coins has become more and more obvious.

However, in the early 20th century, the powers of the powers were separated, the warlords were separated, the times were turbulent, and the currency was chaotic. On the one hand, the provinces themselves minted coins, and the color and weight of various silver coins and silver were not uniform, which not only caused inconvenience to circulation, but also prevented China from establishing currency credit in the international arena. The backward currency system will inevitably hinder the economic development. On the other hand, the Foreign Banking Association and the China Federation of British Businessmen have long been ignoring China's coinage rights, and have repeatedly proposed to the Beiyang government authorities to establish a mint controlled by foreigners in Shanghai. At that time, Shanghai had become the financial and commercial center of the Far East, with daily transactions amounting to millions of silver dollars. The people of insight in the Shanghai banking community are soberly aware that once the national coinage rights are handed over, the consequences will be unimaginable. Therefore, it is extremely urgent to implement the "Abolition of Silver and the Unified Currency System" and establish a unified mint by the state.

Since 1917, the Shanghai banking industry has successively proposed to the authorities "the silver dollar market, the cancellation of the eagle ocean, the unification of the national currency", "all kinds of old silver dollars should be converted into new coins", "think of abolishing the silver two, unifying the national currency" and other recommendations . Subsequently, the Shanghai Bank Association submitted the Ministry of Finance and the Governor of Jiangsu Province respectively, demanding the abolition of the monetary system based on the two units of silver, casting new currency, establishing a unified monetary system, and proposing the establishment of a national mint in Shanghai.

In February 1920, according to the instructions of the President of the Beiyang Government, No. 456, the establishment of the Shanghai Mint was approved. The preparatory work was started immediately, and the modern Chinese machine coinage ushered in a new historical period.

In April 1921, the preparatory office selected the northern bank of Xiaoshadu on the Suzhou River (the current site) as the construction base, and hired the American coinage expert C1ifferd Hewitt as the chief technician. The entire production process is modeled after the Philadelphia Mint in the United States, and the designed production capacity is 400,000 yuan per day (by 10 hours).

Due to the emptiness of the Beiyang government treasury, in order to solve the problem of building funds, the Ministry of Finance issued a special treasury bill of 2.5 million yuan, and the Shanghai Banking Association and the silver money industry formed a "Shanghai Mint Loan Syndicated Group" joint subscription, thus avoiding the construction of the power of the factory The hand of foreign capital. In August 1924, the building was basically completed, and the machinery and equipment ordered from the United States also arrived in Shanghai. However, at this critical moment, the funds raised by the preparatory office in the early stage were exhausted, and the plan of re-borrowing by the factory was lost. The Beiyang government had no money to transfer, which caused the construction of the mint to stop, and it was four years.

In 1928, the Nanjing National Government in charge of the government proposed the "Abolition of the Two Elements" proposal, which clarified that "the Shanghai Mint should be established in the shortest time, and the new silver dollar must be started within half a year to be the national currency." The fate of the Shanghai Mint has finally ushered in a turning point. After cleaning up the debts, receiving the workshops, picking up the machinery and equipment, and preparing for the work to work again. However, due to the huge scale of the project and the turbulent social situation, the goal of “starting the construction of a new silver dollar within half a year” has not yet been achieved.

In 1933, according to the Nanjing government's "waste two reforms" policy and the "silver standard coin casting regulations", the silver standard currency was named "yuan", and the foundry rights were exclusively owned by the central mint. On March 1st of that year, the Shanghai Mint, which had been renamed the “Central Mint”, officially opened the 21st year of the Republic of China. The silver coin is front-facing with Sun Yat-sen's side head. It is surrounded by "Twenty-one Years of the Republic of China". On the back is a two-masted sailing ship sailing on the sea. The sailboat has a face value of "壹圆" and the top of the ship has three flying. The bird, the right side of the ship, also has the sun and the sun, so it is commonly known as the "ship ocean." The ship has a weight of 26.6971 grams and a silver content of 88%.

The National Mint, which has been built for more than ten years, has 15 sets of the latest coin-operated coin machines and a complete set of auxiliary equipment. It also has advanced power generation, gas, water supply and other facilities. It has become the latest and largest equipment in China in the late period of the Republic of China. It is also the only national mint. This also marks China's end of the chaotic situation of the province's cast silver dollar, opening up a new era of China's modern currency credit system. Since then, it has carried the trust of the Chinese people to "abolish the two yuan and reunification of the yuan" and prevent the coinage rights from falling out. The currency has begun an extraordinary journey for nearly a century.

In 1935, due to various factors at home and abroad, the silver standard was unsustainable. The National Government announced the implementation of the legal currency policy on November 4 and stopped casting the silver dollar. On January 11, 1936, the Coinage Regulations were promulgated, and the Central Mint began to cast points, pick up points, and collect nickel coins, as well as split and half-copper coins.

On August 13, 1937, the Japanese attacked Shanghai. The Central Mint was forced to stop work and moved to establish branches in Wuchang, Chengdu, Guilin, Lanzhou and Kunming, and continued to produce metal coins, and set up offices in Hong Kong, Hankou, Chongqing and Kunming. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, the Mint moved back to Shanghai and resumed work in October 1946.

On May 28, 1949, the Financial Department of the Shanghai Military Control Commission of the Chinese People's Liberation Army took over the Central Mint, which was later renamed the State-owned 614 Factory and was directly under the leadership of the Printing Authority of the People's Bank of China. Since 1955, the last coin has been minted four sets of RMB coins. From the point of view, the points, the points, the corners, the corners, the rounds, the Shangyuan always carries the lofty mission of "making money for the country", faithfully performing duties, and ensuring the stability of the country's financial order and the development of the national economy. An important contribution.

Panda gold and silver coins are amazing

Panda Gold Coin is the representative of Chinese contemporary gold and silver coins. It has become one of the world's top five investment gold coins with its unique panda theme, leading coinage craftsmanship and novel and varied theme patterns. As the maker of the panda gold and silver coins, the coin has created several firsts in the history of the new Chinese coinage.

Before the development of Panda Gold and Silver Coins, SGD has successfully developed the first set of “Beijing Scenic Spots Commemorative Gold Medal” and the first set of “China's 30th Anniversary Commemorative Gold Coin”. This also strengthens the confidence of China in issuing investment gold and silver coins. Approved by the People's Bank of China, the theme of the investment coin is designated as “National Treasure” Panda.

In order to vividly display the image of the panda between the squares, the Shangren has ingeniously adopted the "intaglio method" to indent the black parts of the panda image such as eyes, ears and limbs to the same height as the bottom plane. In the mold grinding process, the "flat-bottomed mirror embossed sandblasting" process was creatively adopted: the black parts of the panda's eyes, ears and limbs are the same height as the bottom plane, and the mirror surface is formed after grinding; the other parts of the panda body are sprayed. Sand treatment to form a frost surface. The final formed panda coin is refracted by a certain light, the mirror is black, and the frost is white. In this way, the image of the panda naturally appears in black and white, and has a soft fur texture, which can be described as vivid and vivid.

In the autumn of 1982, Panda Gold Coins received wide acclaim after being sold internationally. Subsequently, the 1983 edition of the Panda Gold and Silver Coins, which were designed and minted by the Coin, won the Gold and Silver Coin of the Year in the “Crows World Coin Contest”. The fledgling Chinese precious metal commemorative coins debuted on the world stage, which attracted wide attention from international counterparts and collectors. Since then, the panda gold and silver coins have been continuously going abroad, creating great economic benefits for the country, and also showing the world a long and profound Chinese culture. Soon after, the 1988 Wuchen (Long Year) Ssangyong Silver Coin and the 1993 Peacock Open Silver Coin, which were minted by Shanghai Mint, were successively named the world's best silver coins.

"Golden jade" adds glory

Since the reform and opening up, the great events in China have provided valuable historical opportunities for China's precious metal commemorative coins. The highly anticipated 2008 Beijing Olympic Games has become an excellent stage for China to display its international image. Entrusted by the Beijing Organizing Committee for the Olympic Games, the Shangyuan has undertaken the glorious and arduous task of producing the "Golden Jade" Olympic medal and the Olympic series commemorative coins.

The “Golden Jade” Olympic medals, which are a combination of Chinese traditional culture, are innovative in concept, unique in materials, and extremely demanding in production process. This undoubtedly poses a serious challenge to the R&D and production capabilities of the Chinese currency. The developers of the above-mentioned coins have worked hard and tried repeatedly to overcome the difficulties of one team after another. The team spirit, collective intelligence, scientific and technological content and environmental awareness have been integrated into each medal. In the end, the Olympic medals have been successfully created with the most unique design and the best production. The "Golden Jade" medal. "Golden jade" was launched, not only won a unique gold medal for the country outside the Olympic Games, but also left a strong ink color with Chinese charm in the history of the Olympic Games.

In the Olympic series commemorative coins, about 80% of the winning commemorative coins are designed by the hands of the local currency; all the specifications of the Olympic precious metal commemorative coins are produced by the coins; the coins have also been successfully produced in the history of the Olympic coins. The precious metal commemorative coin - 10 kilograms of Olympic gold coins, won the honor for the country.

After nearly a hundred years of hard work, I witnessed the vicissitudes of the past century. The belief of the coin-makers in making money for the country has become more firm and the vision for the future has become clearer. In the historical tide of the rise of China, the people of the Chinese currency have the dream of “building a strong country” and will create a brighter future between the squares!

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